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　　第二屆“一帶一路”國際合作高峰論壇將于2019年4月25日至27日在北京舉行。在召開之際，我們來學(xué)習(xí)下相關(guān)的術(shù)語吧。

　　1. “一帶一路”：Belt and Road Initiative

　　“一帶一路”是“絲綢之路經(jīng)濟(jì)帶”和“21世紀(jì)海上絲綢之路”的簡稱。2013年9月和10月，中國國家主席習(xí)近平出訪中亞和東南亞時(shí)，分別提出了與相關(guān)國家共同建設(shè)“絲綢之路經(jīng)濟(jì)帶”和“21世紀(jì)海上絲綢之路”的倡議。該倡議以實(shí)現(xiàn)“政策溝通、設(shè)施聯(lián)通、貿(mào)易暢通、資金融通、民心相通”為主要內(nèi)容，以共商、共建、共享為原則，實(shí)實(shí)在在地造福沿線國家和人民?！耙粠б宦贰敝饕w東亞、東南亞、南亞、西亞、中亞和中東歐等國家和地區(qū)?！耙粠б宦贰苯ㄔO(shè)符合有關(guān)各方共同利益，順應(yīng)地區(qū)和全球合作潮流，得到了沿線國家的積極響應(yīng)。截止到2016年底，已有100多個(gè)國家和國際、地區(qū)組織表達(dá)了支持和參與“一帶一路”建設(shè)的積極意愿，40多個(gè)國家和國際組織與中國簽署了共建“一帶一路”政府間合作協(xié)議。

　　Belt and Road Initiative – China's proposal to build a Silk Road Economic Belt and a 21st Century Maritime Silk Road in cooperation with related countries – was unveiled by Chinese President Xi Jinping during his visits to Central and Southeast Asia in September and October 2013. The initiative focuses on promoting policy coordination, connectivity of infrastructure and facilities, unimpeded trade, financial integration, and strengthened people-to-people ties through a consultative process and joint efforts, with the goal of bringing benefits to all. The initiative covers primarily East Asia, Southeast Asia, South Asia, West Asia, Central Asia, and Central and Eastern Europe. It reflects a convergence of interests and an increasing need for regional and global cooperation. The response from countries along the proposed Belt and Road has been enthusiastic. By the end of 2016 over 100 countries and international and regional organizations had expressed an interest in participating, and more than 40 of them had signed cooperation agreements with China.

　　2. 絲綢之路經(jīng)濟(jì)帶: Silk Road Economic Belt

　　2100多年前，中國漢代的張騫兩次出使中亞，開啟了中國同中亞各國友好交往的大門，開辟出一條橫貫東西、連接歐亞的絲綢之路。千百年來，在這條古老的絲綢之路上，各國人民共同譜寫出千古傳誦的友好篇章。為了使歐亞各國經(jīng)濟(jì)聯(lián)系更加緊密、相互合作更加深入、發(fā)展空間更加廣闊，2013年9月7日，習(xí)近平主席在哈薩克斯坦納扎爾巴耶夫大學(xué)發(fā)表演講時(shí)提出，用創(chuàng)新的合作模式，共同建設(shè)“絲綢之路經(jīng)濟(jì)帶”，以點(diǎn)帶面，從線到片，逐步形成區(qū)域大合作。絲綢之路經(jīng)濟(jì)帶東邊牽著亞太經(jīng)濟(jì)圈，西邊系著發(fā)達(dá)的歐洲經(jīng)濟(jì)圈，被認(rèn)為是“世界上最長、最具有發(fā)展?jié)摿Φ慕?jīng)濟(jì)大走廊”。

　　The Silk Road first emerged more than 2,100 years ago during the Han Dynasty (206 BC-AD 24) after China's imperial envoy Zhang Qian twice visited Central Asia. It became a bridge between East and West, opening the door to friendly engagement between China and Central Asia. For two millennia, countless tales of everlasting friendship between peoples have been woven into this ancient network. In a speech at Kazakhstan's Nazarbayev University on September 7, 2013, President Xi Jinping proposed building a new Silk Road Economic Belt to expand Eurasian economic cooperation. An innovative cooperative approach was outlined, starting with individual projects that are expected to help spur larger-scale regional cooperative development. The proposed economic belt is considered the longest economic corridor in the world – and potentially the most dynamic – connecting the Asia-Pacific region in the East with developed European economies in the West.

　　3. 21世紀(jì)海上絲綢之路：21st Century Maritime Silk Road

　　自秦漢時(shí)期開通以來，海上絲綢之路一直是溝通東西方經(jīng)濟(jì)文化交流的重要橋梁。東南亞地區(qū)自古以來就是海上絲綢之路的重要樞紐和組成部分。在中國與東盟建立戰(zhàn)略伙伴十周年之際，為了進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)雙方的海上合作，發(fā)展雙方的海洋合作伙伴關(guān)系，構(gòu)建更加緊密的命運(yùn)共同體，2013年10月3日，習(xí)近平主席在印度尼西亞國會(huì)發(fā)表演講時(shí)提出，共同建設(shè)“21世紀(jì)海上絲綢之路”。21世紀(jì)海上絲綢之路的戰(zhàn)略合作伙伴并不僅限與東盟，而是以點(diǎn)帶線，以線帶面，串起連通東盟、南亞、西亞、北非、歐洲等各大經(jīng)濟(jì)板塊的市場鏈，發(fā)展面向南海、太平洋和印度洋的戰(zhàn)略合作經(jīng)濟(jì)帶。  

　　Formed during the Qin and Han Dynasties (221 BC-AD 220), the Maritime Silk Road has always played an important role in economic and cultural exchanges between East and West. And Southeast Asia has always been a nexus of this interaction. On the occasion of the 10th Anniversary of the China-ASEAN Strategic Partnership, President Xi Jinping proposed jointly building a 21st Century Maritime Silk Road in his speech to the Indonesian parliament on October 3, 2013. The initiative aims to boost China-ASEAN maritime cooperation and forge closer ties in a community with a shared future. It calls for joint efforts across the region and beyond. Starting with the launch of individual projects that are expected to help spur a wider range of cooperative activities, it envisions a network of interconnected markets linking the ASEAN, South Asia, West Asia, North Africa, and Europe, and a strategic partnership for the South China Sea and the Pacific and Indian oceans.

　　4. 絲路精神：Spirit of the Silk Road

　　絲綢之路不僅是商業(yè)通道，更重要的是它所承載的絲路精神。絲綢之路作為人文社會(huì)的交往平臺(tái)，多民族、多種族、多宗教、多文化在此交匯融合，在長期交往過程中，各國之間形成了“團(tuán)結(jié)互信、平等互利、包容互鑒、合作共贏，不同種族、不同信仰、不同文化背景的國家可以共享和平，共同發(fā)展”的絲路精神。這一精神，也是現(xiàn)代國際社會(huì)交往的最基本原則之一。 

　　More than just a trade route, the Silk Road has been a platform for people-to-people and cultural exchanges, where ethnic, racial, religious and cultural convergence takes place. Throughout the millennia, interaction along this route has shaped the Silk Road spirit, which is embodied in solidarity and mutual trust, equality and mutual benefit, inclusiveness, a disposition to learn from each other, and cooperation in finding win-win solutions. Underpinning the Silk Road spirit is the understanding that countries with different dominant ethnic groups and different religious and cultural traditions can work together to achieve peace and shared prosperity. Such an understanding also informs one of the fundamental principles of international interaction today.

　　5. 推進(jìn)“一帶一路”建設(shè)工作領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組：Steering Group for Belt and Road Initiative

　　“一帶一路”建設(shè)是一項(xiàng)宏大系統(tǒng)工程，僅在中國國內(nèi)，它所涉及的政府機(jī)構(gòu)、企業(yè)和社會(huì)組織就非常廣泛，“一帶一路”建設(shè)的很多項(xiàng)目跨越時(shí)間也很長，因此需要加強(qiáng)組織和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，統(tǒng)籌做好各方面的工作。為此，中國政府專門成立了推進(jìn)“一帶一路”建設(shè)工作領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組，負(fù)責(zé)審議“一帶一路”建設(shè)工作的重大規(guī)劃、政策、項(xiàng)目和相關(guān)問題，指導(dǎo)和協(xié)調(diào)落實(shí)“一帶一路”合作倡議。 

　　Implementing Belt and Road Initiative is a massive undertaking. Domestically, it involves a wide range of government agencies, businesses and civil society organizations. Many projects are likely to extend over years. Integrated planning and guidance are essential. A steering group for Belt and Road Initiative has thus been established at the national level to study important issues related to planning, policy, and projects, and to provide guidance and coordination in the implementation of the initiative.