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巡視制度

巡視制度是中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨黨內(nèi)的一項(xiàng)重要制度，是指中央和省、自治區(qū)、直轄市黨委，通過(guò)建立專門巡視機(jī)構(gòu)，按照有關(guān)規(guī)定對(duì)下級(jí)黨組織領(lǐng)導(dǎo)班子及其成員進(jìn)行監(jiān)督的制度。2003年，以黨內(nèi)法規(guī)的形式把巡視制度確定為黨內(nèi)監(jiān)督的十項(xiàng)制度之一；2007年，黨的十七大把巡視制度寫入黨章；2009年，黨中央頒布實(shí)施《中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨巡視工作條例（試行）》；2015年8月，中共中央印發(fā)《中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨巡視工作條例》；2017年5月，中央政治局審議了《關(guān)于修改〈中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨巡視工作條例〉的決定》，并于7月1日正式頒布。按照規(guī)定，巡視工作堅(jiān)持中央統(tǒng)一領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、分級(jí)負(fù)責(zé)；堅(jiān)持實(shí)事求是、依法依規(guī)；堅(jiān)持群眾路線、發(fā)揚(yáng)民主；開展巡視工作的黨組織承擔(dān)巡視工作的主體責(zé)任；巡視組的主要工作職責(zé)是對(duì)下級(jí)黨組織領(lǐng)導(dǎo)班子及其成員進(jìn)行監(jiān)督；巡視的方式有專項(xiàng)巡視、“回頭看”、“機(jī)動(dòng)式”巡視等。十八大以來(lái)，中央一共組織了12輪巡視，巡視利劍作用彰顯，實(shí)現(xiàn)中央和省級(jí)黨委巡視全覆蓋。實(shí)踐證明，巡視制度是有效的、管用的。巡視工作成為黨風(fēng)廉政建設(shè)和反腐敗斗爭(zhēng)的重要平臺(tái)，是黨內(nèi)監(jiān)督和群眾監(jiān)督相結(jié)合的重要方式，是上級(jí)黨組織對(duì)下級(jí)黨組織監(jiān)督的重要抓手，為全面從嚴(yán)治黨提供了有力支撐。

System of inspection

Inspection is an important means of conducting oversight inside the CPC. The Central Committee and the Party committees of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the central government all have special organs through which to conduct inspections of the leading bodies and members of the Party organizations under their jurisdiction. 

The system of inspection became one of the ten systems of intra-Party supervision in 2003; the system was included in the Constitution of the CPC at the 17th CPC National Congress in 2007; the Regulations on Inspection of the CPC (trial) were promulgated by the Central Committee in 2009; the Regulations on Inspection of the CPC were promulgated by the Central Committee in August 2015; and in May 2017, the Political Bureau of the Central Committee reviewed the Decision on Revising the Regulations on Inspection of the CPC, which was promulgated on July 1. 

The Central Committee commands the overall work of inspection, and Party organizations at different levels hold corresponding responsibilities. Inspections are conducted based on facts and in accordance with the laws and regulations. The Party’s mass line and democracy are followed. The Party organizations that conduct such inspections hold the primary responsibility. Inspection teams supervise the leading bodies and members of the Party organizations at lower levels, and they conduct special inspections, follow-up re-examinations, and random inspections if necessary.

Since 2012, the Central Committee has organized 12 rounds of inspection, covering all the Party organization above provincial level. Disciplinary inspections have cut like a blade through corruption and misconduct. They have become an effective way to massively improve Party conduct, uphold integrity, and combat corruption. Integrating intra-Party oversight and public supervision, they serve as an important channel for the Party organizations at higher levels to supervise their subordinate organizations, and contribute to the Party’s exercise of full and strict self-governance.