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長江經(jīng)濟(jì)帶

2016年3月25日，中共中央政治局召開會(huì)議，審議通過了《長江經(jīng)濟(jì)帶發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要》。發(fā)展長江經(jīng)濟(jì)帶的導(dǎo)向是“共抓大保護(hù)、不搞大開發(fā)”。長江經(jīng)濟(jì)帶涉及11個(gè)省市，即上海、江蘇、浙江、安徽、江西、湖北、湖南、重慶、四川、云南和貴州。推動(dòng)長江經(jīng)濟(jì)帶發(fā)展的目標(biāo)是：到2020年，生態(tài)環(huán)境明顯改善，水資源得到有效保護(hù)和合理利用；長江黃金水道瓶頸制約有效疏暢、功能顯著提升；創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)取得重大進(jìn)展，培育形成一批世界級(jí)的企業(yè)和產(chǎn)業(yè)集群，參與國際競爭的能力顯著增強(qiáng)；基本形成陸海統(tǒng)籌、雙向開放，與“一帶一路”建設(shè)深度融合的全方位對(duì)外開放新格局；發(fā)展的統(tǒng)籌度和整體性、協(xié)調(diào)性、可持續(xù)性進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)；重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域和關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)改革取得重要進(jìn)展，協(xié)調(diào)統(tǒng)一、運(yùn)行高效的長江流域管理體制全面建立，統(tǒng)一開放的現(xiàn)代市場(chǎng)體系基本建立；經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展質(zhì)量和效益大幅提升，基本形成引領(lǐng)全國經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的戰(zhàn)略支撐帶。到2030年，水環(huán)境和水生態(tài)質(zhì)量全面改善，生態(tài)系統(tǒng)功能顯著增強(qiáng)，水脈暢通、功能完備的長江全流域黃金水道全面建成，創(chuàng)新型現(xiàn)代產(chǎn)業(yè)體系全面建立，上中下游一體化發(fā)展格局全面形成，生態(tài)環(huán)境更加美好、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展更具活力、人民生活更加殷實(shí)，在全國經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展中發(fā)揮更加重要的示范引領(lǐng)和戰(zhàn)略支撐作用。2018年4月26日，習(xí)近平在深入推動(dòng)長江經(jīng)濟(jì)帶發(fā)展座談會(huì)上強(qiáng)調(diào)，新形勢(shì)下推動(dòng)長江經(jīng)濟(jì)帶發(fā)展，關(guān)鍵是要正確把握整體推進(jìn)和重點(diǎn)突破、生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、總體謀劃和久久為功、破除舊動(dòng)能和培育新動(dòng)能、自我發(fā)展和協(xié)同發(fā)展的關(guān)系，堅(jiān)持新發(fā)展理念，堅(jiān)持穩(wěn)中求進(jìn)工作總基調(diào)，堅(jiān)持共抓大保護(hù)、不搞大開發(fā)，加強(qiáng)改革創(chuàng)新、戰(zhàn)略統(tǒng)籌、規(guī)劃引導(dǎo)，以長江經(jīng)濟(jì)帶發(fā)展推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展。

The Yangtze Economic Belt

At its meeting on March 25, 2016, the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee approved the Guidelines for Development Along the Yangtze Economic Belt, which covers 11 cities and provinces – Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Chongqing, Sichuan, Yunnan and Guizhou. The Guidelines set the following goals to be achieved by 2020:

– marked improvement in environment, with effective protection and proper use of water resources; 

– more efficient utilization of the Yangtze River waterway, with major constraints removed and transportation capacity enhanced;

– significant progress in innovation-driven growth as a large number of world-class businesses and industrial clusters take shape, with enhanced capability to compete in international markets;

– greater openness to the outside world on all fronts, with overall planning for regional and marine economic activities, emphasis on both domestic and international markets, and close integration with efforts in the Belt and Road Initiative;

– greater coordination and sustainability, with development activities in different areas well-planned and properly implemented; 

– significant progress in reform in key areas, with a well-coordinated and efficient management system and an open and unified market for the Yangtze River basin; and

– considerable qualitative improvement in economic development, with an initial capacity established that will allow the region to provide important support to national economic and social development. 

In addition, the Guidelines also set the goals for 2030:

– overall improvement in the quality of water environment and the aquatic ecosystem;

– markedly enhanced ecological functions; 

– completion of the development of the Yangtze River with navigable rivers and waterways;

– an innovation-intensive industrial system;

– integrated development in the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River;

– a better environment and dynamic economic activities;

– higher living standards; and 

– a stronger position for the region to play a role of pilot and provide important support to national economic and social development.

At a seminar on boosting the development of the Yangtze Economic Belt on April 26, 2018, Xi Jinping said that the key lies in striking a balance between all-round progress and breakthroughs at key points, between ecological conservation and economic growth, between overall planning and unremitting efforts, between removing old growth drivers and fostering new ones, and between regional development and coordinated development. The regions involved should apply the new concept for development, follow the underlying guideline of making progress while maintaining stability, promote well-coordinated environmental conservation and avoid excessive development, and strengthen reform and innovation, strategic coordination, planning and guidance, so as to spur high-quality economic growth with the development of the Yangtze Economic Belt.